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<\/p>\nIt is absolutely unanimous that the conditional structure plays a fundamental role in the preparation of football players. Whether it is a more analytical or systemiccoach, giving preponderance to conditioning or attributing it to other structures, everyone recognizes the importance of the athlete being in a good \"sport shape\", and in this aspect, the physical condition will always be one of the pillars of a good athlete. If in one hand there is no direct evidence of the relationship between athletic performance and team success, it is also true that anaerobic actions precede goals, that fatigue affects technical actions and decision making, that goal achievement increases with duration of the game and that most injuries occur at the end of each part.
\nThe physical evaluation tests can therefore be an important ally of the coach because they allow to have benchmarks, establish a comparison between team athletes and help to define an individual work structure according to the data achieved. The literature presents us with a set of useful evaluation tests for football players, from laboratory tests to field tests. In this article we highlight the role of field tests for their greater relation to the specific conditions of play, the lower cost involved and the possibility of rationalizing time, evaluating more athletes simultaneously.
\nThe COACH ID software allows the coach to record the results of five simple evaluation tests but which can be very useful in the previously highlighted individual \/ collective analysis.<\/p>\n
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1. Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (IR1 \/ IR2)<\/strong><\/p>\n The two Yo-Yo intermittent (IR) recovery tests assess an individual's ability to repeatedly perform intense exercise. The Yo-Yo IR level 1 test (Yo-Yo IR1) focuses on the ability to perform intermittent exercises leading to a maximum activation of the aerobic system, while Yo-Yo IR level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) determines the ability of an individual to recovering from a repeated exercise with contribution from the anaerobic system. Usually IR 1 is intended for poorly trained athletes or young athletes while IR 2 is intended for well-trained athletes. At methodological level, the difference between the two tests is the speed at which it starts and the speed of increase (lower in IR1).<\/p>\n Protocol<\/strong><\/p>\n Two marks are placed at a distance of 20m between them and a rest area measuring 5m is placed on the starting side. The athlete must move from one mark to the other at a speed that is determined by the rhythm of the audio. Speed \u200b\u200bis regularly increased at each stage. The individual should reach the mark before the beep. The test must occur until the athlete feels incapacitated (fatigue) or if he does not reach two marks in a row.<\/p>\n Relation with VO2 max<\/strong> Yo-Yo IR1: Materials needed<\/strong> <\/p>\n 2. T-Test<\/strong><\/p>\n The T-Test is designed to measure the agility of athletes. It consists of performing a rapid movement of the whole body with change of speed or direction in response to a stimulus. Agility work is therefore one of the determining factors of football performance and by promoting balance and coordination, football players will be able to move faster and change direction faster while maintaining body control.<\/p>\n Protocol<\/strong> Materials needed<\/strong> 3. Vertical Jump<\/strong> Protocol<\/strong><\/p>\n The athlete stands on a wall and reaches the hand closest to the wall. Keeping the feet on the floor, fingertips are marked or engraved. The athlete then moves away from the wall and jumps vertically as high as possible using arms and legs to help project the body up. The jumping technique may or may not use a counter-movement. The difference in distance between the height of the standing position and the height of the jump is the score.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 4. RSA<\/strong><\/p>\n Soccer players are submitted to repeatedly producing maximum or submaximal sprints (1-7 s) with brief recovery periods. Therefore, the ability to repeat multiple sprints at high speed is important for the athlete's physical performance. The use of tests that consist of several sprints interspersed with brief recovery periods guarantee physiological responses similar to those occurring in competition, such as the decrease of muscle pH, phosphocreatine and ATP. Protocol<\/strong><\/p>\n The cones are placed 30 meters away to indicate the distance from the sprint. Two more cones are placed another 10 feet along each end. Following the racer's instructions, the athlete places his foot on the starting line and, at the whistle, two timers start simultaneously. The athlete must quickly travel the distance without slowing down before reaching the finish line. One chronometer is used to time the sprint, the other continues to run. The athlete uses the 10 meter cone to decelerate and return to the 30m arrival point, which then becomes the next starting line. The next sprint will be in the opposite direction. Each 30-meter sprint begins 30 seconds after the start of the previous one. This cycle continues until 10 sprints are completed. The fatigue index is calculated by the mean time of the first three attempts divided by the mean time of the last three attempts. For example, if the times for the first three sprints were 6.9, 7.1 and 6.7 (mean 6.9 seconds) and the last three times were 7.6, 8.2 and 7.9 (mean 7 , 9 seconds), the fatigue index will be 6.9 \u00f7 7.9 = 0.87 or 87%.<\/p>\n Material<\/strong> <\/p>\n 5.Sprint<\/strong> <\/p>\n Conclusion<\/strong> <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bibliography consulted:<\/strong><\/p>\n - Bangsbo, Jens & Iaia, F & Krustrup, Peter. (2008). The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test: A Useful Tool for Evaluation of Physical Performance in Intermittent Sports. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.). 38. 37-51.<\/p>\n - Krustrup, P. et al (2003) - The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test: Physiological Response, Reliability, and Validity. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise: April 2003 - Volume 35 - Issue 4 - p 697-705<\/p>\n - Haugen, T. & Seiler, S. (2015) - Physical and Physiological Testing of Soccer Players: Why, What and How Should We Measure? Sportscience 19. Available at: www.sportsci.org<\/p>\n - Goral, K. (2015) - Examination of agility performances of soccer players according to their playing positions. Available at: http:\/\/thesportjournal.org\/article\/examination-of-agility-performances-of-soccer-players-according-to-their-playing-positions\/<\/p>\n - Ndrzejewski, M. et al (2013) - Analysis of sprinting activities of professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 27 (8): 2134-2140<\/p>\n - Rampinini, Ermanno & Bishop, David John & Marcora, Samuele & Ferrari Bravo, D & Sassi, R & Impellizzeri, Franco. (2007). Validity of Simple Field Tests as Indicators of Match-Related Physical Performance in Top-Level Professional Soccer Players. International journal of sports medicine. 28, 228-35. 10.1055 \/ s-2006-924340<\/p>\n - Soares, J. (2008) - O Treino do futebolista - volume 1. Porto Editora<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/coachidapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/yo-yo-1-300x162.png\")
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\nVO2max (ml \/ kg \/ min) is the measure of the highest volume of oxygen the body consumes when exercising and is used to assess overall aerobic fitness. A higher VO2max means that the body is able to provide muscles with more oxygen, which can allow it to run faster with higher levels of exertion. It is possible to establish a direct relationship between the Yo-Yo test result using the following formula:<\/p>\n
\nVO2max (mL \/ min \/ kg) = IR1 distance (m) x 0.0084 + 36.4
\nYo-Yo IR2 test:
\nVO2max (mL \/ min \/ kg) = IR2 distance (m) x 0.0136 + 45.3<\/p>\n
\n- Running zone with at least 25 m
\n- Measuring tape
\n- Audio Yo-Yo test
\n- Marks on the floor
\n- Registration Sheets<\/p>\n
\nAthletes start from cone A to cone B in a straight line. Then run sideways to the cone C , which is in the left side. After touching cone C, they run sideways to the right and touch cone D. Finally, they run again to the left, touch cone B and return to the starting position. At the end, the time that the athlete took to complete the course is recorded.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/coachidapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/T-test_imagem-1-300x200.png\")
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\n- Measuring tape
\n- Cones
\n- Stopwatch<\/p>\n
\nVertical jumps, usually used for aerial dueling, are one of the most common actions in a football game and can make a difference in a game's result.
\nThe vertical jump is used to measure the power of the lower limbs and the classification (cm) can be recorded in two ways: directly recording the height of the jump (using a wall or a vertec) or the time that the feet take to contact the floor again (jumping mat or an optical measuring system - ex: optojump).
\nThe simplest way is undoubtedly the direct recording of the height, so we present the procedure below.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/coachidapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/vertical-jump-test-1-1.jpg\")
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\nThe tests used for repeated sprint ability (RSA) measure the anaerobic capacity and calculate the relative drop in performance from the best to the worst sprint, giving us a value corresponding to the fatigue index.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/coachidapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/RSA-1-300x295.png\")
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\n- Space with at least 50 m
\n- measuring tape
\n- Cones
\n- 2 Chronometers<\/p>\n
\nSprint is one of the most important activities in soccer, although it is only 1 to 12% of the total distance a player covers during a game (0.5 to 3% of playing time). Speed, assumed as a capacity that allows the athlete to perform motor actions in the shortest time without the influence of fatigue, assumes in soccer many different kinds of manifestation. Also, in terms of trainability, due to the specificity of football, some particularities must be safeguarded. Knowing that the duration of sprints most common in a game is 2-4 sec, at this point we will not define a protocol for a particular test because it will be up to the coach to decide the distance that he wants to test (because it may be related to the specificities of his own game model). If the objective is to evaluate the speed of travel from point A to point B, whether in a linear path or with changes of direction, the tests must obey the following assumptions:
\n- Use electronic gates (stopwatch is alternative to photoelectric cells but less precise in short distances);
\n- Maintain the same conditions in terms of footwear and flooring in the different moments of evaluation (to keep objetive the comparison);
\n- Perform the test always in the same phase of the training;
\n- Measure the distances strictly;
\n- Make at least two attempts and record the best.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/coachidapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Sprint-1-300x173.png\")
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\nThe systemic perspective, the basis of thinking behind the COACH ID project, is supported by the need to relate rather than separate. Still, we recognize that with regard to conditional structure (though it never manifests itself absolutely independently of other structures) it is important to realize the difference between exercising<\/strong> and developing.<\/strong> Exercising each of the motor skills associated with the tests described above is something that happens in any field practice. However, if the goal is to develop a particular ability, we must go further and establish a specific training program for that purpose. The results of the evaluation tests, although they should not be a single criterion in the evaluation of a player, help the coach to have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe current condition, so that, in a more practical or more analytical way, with more or less resources, its importance should not be overlooked.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n